Vitamin A, often referred to as retinol, is one of the most studied and effective ingredients in skincare.
Known for its ability to support skin renewal, improve texture and refine the appearance of fine lines, it has become a cornerstone of modern skincare routines.
But not all forms of Vitamin A are the same and how they work in the skin is key to understanding results.
Retinol is part of a group of ingredients known as retinoids derivatives of Vitamin A that support the skin’s natural renewal process.
Common forms include:
- Retinyl esters (e.g. retinyl palmitate)
- Retinol
- Retinal (retinaldehyde)
- Retinoic acid (prescription only)
Each form varies in strength, stability and how it is converted within the skin.
Your skin naturally renews itself through a process known as cell turnover.
In younger skin: This cycle typically takes around 28 days.
As we age: This process slows down, which can lead to:
- Dullness
- Uneven texture
- Fine lines
- Slower skin repair
Supporting this cycle is key to maintaining healthy, radiant-looking skin.
Once applied to the skin, Vitamin A derivatives go through a conversion process before becoming active.
The pathway looks like this:
Retinyl Esters → Retinol → Retinal → Retinoic Acid
Retinoic acid is the form the skin can use directly.
What this means
The more conversion steps required, the gentler the ingredient.
Fewer steps = stronger, faster results, but higher risk of irritation
How Different Types of Vitamin A Work
The most gentle and stable form of Vitamin A. Ideal for those seeking effective results with a more controlled, balanced approach.
- Requires multiple conversion steps before becoming active
- Supports gradual, consistent skin renewal
- Better tolerated by sensitive or first-time users
- Designed for long-term use with minimal disruption to the skin barrier
A widely used, mid-strength form of Vitamin A.
- Requires fewer conversion steps
- Delivers faster visible results
- Can increase the risk of dryness and irritation if introduced too quickly
A more potent form of Vitamin A.
- Requires only one conversion step
- Faster acting than retinol
- Used in more advanced formulations
The active form used directly by the skin.
- No conversion required
- Strongest and fastest acting
- Higher likelihood of irritation and sensitivity
- Used under medical supervision
Vitamin A works by supporting the skin’s natural renewal process.
This can help to
Improve the appearance of fine lines | Refine skin texture | Enhance radiance
Promote a more even-looking complexion | Support collagen production
Over time, skin appears smoother, more refined and more luminous.
Short-Term vs Long-Term Effects
Short-Term (First Few Weeks)
- Skin may feel drier or tighter
- Mild sensitivity can occur
- Texture may begin to improve
With Continued Use
- Smoother-looking skin
- Improved tone and texture
- More radiant appearance
- Reduction in the appearance of fine lines
Consistency is key, results build over time.
Why a Gentle Approach Matters
Stronger is not always better.
Gentler forms of Vitamin A allow the skin to:
- Build tolerance gradually
- Reduce the risk of irritation
- Maintain consistent, long-term use
This approach supports sustainable results without disrupting the skin barrier.
A313 uses retinyl palmitate, a stabilised and gentle form of Vitamin A.
This allows for:
- Gradual skin renewal
- Improved tolerance
- Consistent, long-term results
Combined with a minimal formulation, it offers a simplified approach to Vitamin A skincare.
Vitamin A remains one of the most effective ingredients in skincare but understanding how it works is key to using it correctly.
With the right approach, it can support smoother, more refined and healthier-looking skin over time.
